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Author Topic: Cutting wood for my next plane  (Read 3121 times)

Online RC Storick

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Cutting wood for my next plane
« on: May 02, 2013, 10:34:08 PM »
OK I will lay it out for everyone. I am learning a lot about electrics and have been totally convinced this is the way to go. My last Crossfire flies like a 40 OZ airplane because it is. In my quest for lighter wing loadings I have some ideas. Most of which are old school. I like beam wings. Easy to build and light at the extremity's. When you grab a airplane with the nose pointed towards you and roll it tip to tip you can feel the inertia. Less is better. Less wood,less paint = less inertia

Round is stronger than flat. Egg shell sides = thinner wood. So for my next plane it will be a beam wing ,egg shell fuse ad built up stab and elevators. My last stab was 2.5 OZ including hinges and horn. That will be hard to top but I will try.

While you are grasping you plane one hand one each side of the fuse at the wing , lift the tail up and down, Feel the momentum. This is bad so the lighter you can make the ends the better. I do like this long nose and reward battery location. The last plane I built tracks like a bullet and turn like a combat ship. The best part is it locks.

The new plane will use a thinner airfoil and I can get away with that if its light. Less parasitic drag mean less drag and battery usage.

I am just writing notes down and babbling so any ideas are helpful. look for the new build to appear in the next few days.
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Offline MarcusCordeiro

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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #1 on: May 03, 2013, 04:42:52 AM »
Robert

You are unstoppable...
Thanks for sharing another one.

Marcus
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Offline Avaiojet

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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #2 on: May 03, 2013, 05:18:18 AM »

Round is stronger than flat. Egg shell sides = thinner wood. So for my next plane it will be a beam wing ,egg shell fuse ad built up stab and elevators. My last stab was 2.5 OZ including hinges and horn. That will be hard to top but I will try.

I am just writing notes down and babbling so any ideas are helpful. look for the new build to appear in the next few days.

Robert,

Nothing wrong with "babbling" I do a bit of it.  ;D

Yes, ideas can certainly be helpful. I agree with that.

"Egg shell."

Great construction method!

"Egg shell" type construction with fuselages, as you know, have been around for a tremendous number of years, both with modeling and with actual aircraft. A proven method of construction that has a purpose.

Not an old example, but certainly Warbirds would be one example.

You are extreamly talented with your building skills, so you won't have your hands full producing the former shapes needed for the fuselage, and locating them at their desired positions, might take some trial and error?

The LOSER or Mig-3, how can I not mention this model or the fuselage? It sports an obvious and clear example of an "Egg shell" fuselage. There isn't a straight line in it!

With that said, I'm not boasting the Mig-3, hardly. Here's where I'm going with this.

The use of my drawing program, or any for that matter, actually made the design and placement of all oval fuselage formers, and their placement, easier. Much easier.

I'm guessing you have assets, individuals with drawing programs, CAD, who could assist in the drawing of these formers? A suggestion I would like to offer, or as you asked, an "Idea."

Could save a bit of time and make the task easier.

If needed, I could help you with this.

Here's a photo of the CAD drawn formers for the Mig-3.

Great project you have there! Looking forward to it's development.

Charles

EDIT: For spelling

 
« Last Edit: May 03, 2013, 05:42:32 AM by Avaiojet »
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Offline Derek Barry

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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #3 on: May 03, 2013, 07:30:57 AM »
I am not sure if a thinner wing is the way to go when (no offence) you didn't hit your target weight with the last plane and the window for success is so small. If the battery usage is acceptable with the current design (and Bob has proved that it is) I would see no need to change it.

Personally I would build a Crossfire with an Ultra light PA 40. I would use a thicker airfoil and the plane would be considerably lighter than its electric cousin.

Derek

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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #4 on: May 03, 2013, 07:52:15 AM »
When you say a thinner wing, what was the normal wing and what will be the thinner wing?  Please be specific with the root and tip airfoil heights.  Going thin on the airfoil may not be what you want to do.  I'm just saying......
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Offline Avaiojet

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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #5 on: May 03, 2013, 08:38:37 AM »
Bill Tilden wrote a book on Tennis Instruction in 1927.

"Never change a winning game." This is a line in his book.

You'll be reinventing the wheel if you don't keep the wing the same? Won't you?  ;D

It's a proven design, isn't it?  H^^

Unless, of course, you have access to a wind tunnel and know a generous aeronautical engineer?

I wish I had access to a wind tunnel and knew a generous aeronautical engineer.   n~

My Chitty would be flying by now!   HB~>

Charles



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Offline Doug Moon

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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #6 on: May 03, 2013, 10:40:53 AM »
Just to be clear.  In my responses below I am not trying to be argumentative or tell you how to do anything.  I know sometimes these conversations about stunt design and the “why?” seem to get a bit heated.  I am just having conversation about design and stuff.  I love this stuff and I am always learning.

OK I will lay it out for everyone. I am learning a lot about electrics and have been totally convinced this is the way to go. My last Crossfire flies like a 40 OZ airplane because it is. In my quest for lighter wing loadings I have some ideas. Most of which are old school. I like beam wings. Easy to build and light at the extremity's. When you grab a airplane with the nose pointed towards you and roll it tip to tip you can feel the inertia. Less is better. Less wood,less paint = less inertia

What problems are you seeing that are pushing you to change the design?
Why are you looking for lighter wing loading (besides the long standing “idea” that less loading is always better)? 
Have you seen an issue that is making you think less loading would correct?

Round is stronger than flat. Egg shell sides = thinner wood. So for my next plane it will be a beam wing ,egg shell fuse ad built up stab and elevators. My last stab was 2.5 OZ including hinges and horn. That will be hard to top but I will try.

Eggshell construction will be interesting.  Will you please show how you go about this? 
I have been thinking the electric world of planes could benefit from this construction method as you are no longer dealing with all the vibrations.  You could in fact build a glass molded shell with only one or two formers and ULTRA thin that won’t fail because it is not fighting vibrations. It will be plenty strong to resist twisting and will come out of the mold ready for paint making it ultimately lighter.  I see sail planes with thin round fuses that weigh nothing.  They are super strong too they take tons or pressure on a wench launch. 

Don’t sacrifice torsional rigidity for light weight.  It will fly like crap if it flexes.  2.5 oz on your last one is pretty darn light. 

While you are grasping you plane one hand one each side of the fuse at the wing , lift the tail up and down, Feel the momentum. This is bad so the lighter you can make the ends the better. I do like this long nose and reward battery location. The last plane I built tracks like a bullet and turn like a combat ship. The best part is it locks.

While the momentum you feel in your hand feels bad to you in theory.  Your last two sentences, composed from actual flight data compiled in your experience with the model, tell you a different story.  There is enough elevator size and they are far enough away from the CG to more than handle, and stop, the momentum the stab and the rest of the plane cause during rotation. Holding it in your hand and waiving it is not telling you the whole story. 

Flying it is.

Don’t change the design to fix and issue that isn’t there in flight.  I, and many others, have done that very thing only to see 100s of hours wasted.

The new plane will use a thinner airfoil and I can get away with that if its light. Less parasitic drag mean less drag and battery usage.

Please be very careful here as others have noted this may not the way to go.  More often than not we, the collective modeling community as a whole, miss our target weight on the heavier side.  It could be 1 oz, it could be 5 oz. But making the wing thinner will make the weight target that much more important to getting a plane that flies well.  You have already proven to yourself that it will perform very well at the weight you have now.
 
What about the new design and the new plane’s flight characteristics are telling you it absolutely has to have a thinner wing? 
Sure the idea that less drag is better always is attractive in general but if this specific design already performs well with the current amount of drag placed on it how will making have less drag be better?  Where is it faltering now due to the amount of drag placed on it?
 
Would you be able to reduce the wing thickness enough to reduce the drag enough to get you to a lighter smaller battery? 

That is the question. 

If you can and you still think it will be strong enough and thick enough then you can make a serious weight reduction.  If you can’t then reducing the thickness of the wing to carry the same battery is all for nothing.

Your beam wing should have a tiny bit less thickness anyway as it has valleys between each rib.  Across the span that should add up.

Going against your initial thought you could actually thicken the wing by about 1/8”, 1/16” on top and bottom at the high point and probably not notice one single gram of difference in the finish weight yet it would carry more weight if missed target happens again.  Just a thought.


I am just writing notes down and babbling so any ideas are helpful. Look for the new build to appear in the next few days.

Oh yeah, to get the weight you really want stay away from that rattle can primer.

I can’t wait to see it come together.
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Offline Bill Little

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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #7 on: May 03, 2013, 10:43:56 AM »
Hi Sparky,

Your discussion of the wing airfoil leads me to Billy's USA-1 wing.  He used that wing all the way through his Geo XL.  When he built a thicker wing USA-1 he didn't like it.  After he went to the Geo Bolt wing, however, he has been stuck to it like glue.  If I were going to go to a thinner wing, I would definitely use the USA-1 wing.  It has been proven over a period of 40 years at the upper levels.  Since you can build light, you can use a thin wing.

Looking forward to seeing another of your build threads.

Bill
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Offline Steve Fitton

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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #8 on: May 03, 2013, 11:37:55 AM »
Put your PA-75 in it....
Steve

Offline EddyR

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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #9 on: May 03, 2013, 02:56:49 PM »
Hi Sparky,

Your discussion of the wing airfoil leads me to Billy's USA-1 wing.  He used that wing all the way through his Geo XL.  When he built a thicker wing USA-1 he didn't like it.  After he went to the Geo Bolt wing, however, he has been stuck to it like glue.  If I were going to go to a thinner wing, I would definitely use the USA-1 wing.  It has been proven over a period of 40 years at the upper levels.  Since you can build light, you can use a thin wing.

Looking forward to seeing another of your build threads.

Bill

 Bill   I think that thicker wing USA-1 had the thick airfoil flaps. Billy was running out of power with the standard USA-1 wing and the ST/46 and tried many variants but those fat flaps eat a lot of power. I have built the Juno with fat and 1/4" sheet flaps and it is a total change in the plane. I like the fat flaps in the Juno as it is a small plane and the fat flaps control the planes speed in the wind. They create a lot of drag and eat up power compaired to normal thin flaps. The Juno with the thin flaps felt over powered with a 46 in it. The Juno wing is very thin at the tip. I wonder if he ever tried the pipe motor in that old thick wing USA-1. My USA-1 was powered with a ringed ST/46 and it would have been better with a more powerful motor.
Ed
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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #10 on: May 03, 2013, 05:39:16 PM »
Oh yeah, to get the weight you really want stay away from that rattle can primer.

I'll stick with the primer. Please untill you have tried it don't knock it. You have to be willing to sand it all off but it works great!
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Offline Randy Powell

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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #11 on: May 03, 2013, 06:57:17 PM »
Lightest finish I ever did used no primer. I put maybe 6 coats of unthinned clear and just kept sanding. Ended up with a very nice surface and added only a 1/2oz to the finish. And no sealer coat because no primer.
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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #12 on: May 03, 2013, 07:05:23 PM »
Lightest finish I ever did used no primer. I put maybe 6 coats of unthinned clear and just kept sanding. Ended up with a very nice surface and added only a 1/2oz to the finish. And no sealer coat because no primer.

I know this can be done as I have done it. But for sheer speed they way I finish yields a fairly light finish.
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Online Howard Rush

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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #13 on: May 03, 2013, 09:34:40 PM »
...any ideas are helpful.

Except, I presume, ideas that come from actual science. 

Doug had some good points. I also recommend Igor's article in the recent Stunt News.

Drag is not proportional to wing thickness, and a thin wing may have drag where you don't want it.  The optimal electric airfoil may be different than the optimal IC airfoil, but so far I can't see how.  I doubt if you'd go wrong with a Werwage wing either way. 

You can build a thick wing lighter, for the same strength, than you can a thin wing. 

You can reduce the moment of inertia by putting the battery and the motor close together.   If your airplane flies well, it ain't because you reduced the moment of inertia by separating them.  You didn't.

I think you have a good idea with the curved fuselage sides.  I made the bottom of my last dog thin and flat, and it's not strong enough.   



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Offline Doug Moon

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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #14 on: May 03, 2013, 11:56:48 PM »
I'll stick with the primer. Please untill you have tried it don't knock it. You have to be willing to sand it all off but it works great!

I have tried that type of primer.  I used the Sherwin Williams automotive primer filler in a spray can.  Not the cheap stuff from Autozone.  But I got it from the automotive paint store.  It was quite expensive, $19.00 bucks a can IIRC.  I did the spray on and sand off.  But there is still considerable weight gain.  The scale said so.  I sanded the surface to look just like yours on your last plane.  Where it appears to show mostly the under surface leaving only the primer in the low spots. I have used this technique more than once with several different products and every time I miss my weight target.

I have also used the mix your own auto primer using much less primer and more thinner applied with a small touch up top feed gun. The cheap one at Harbor Freight.  You have way more control over how much product you put on your plane.  Plus you work up to what you need and sand off but since you are putting less on to start with you end up with a lighter filler coat in the end yet the surface will still yield a top end finish.  It takes longer since you are working with a smaller applicator but in the end the oz saved is worth it.

Anyways, I was just relaying my experiences with it after several tries.  I know being as light as possible is always a main point of interest with our stunt planes we build.  I wanted you to be aware of something that could be causing unwanted weight gain.
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Offline Doug Moon

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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #15 on: May 04, 2013, 12:00:24 AM »
Lightest finish I ever did used no primer. I put maybe 6 coats of unthinned clear and just kept sanding. Ended up with a very nice surface and added only a 1/2oz to the finish. And no sealer coat because no primer.

I have seen this done before as well.  I maybe using this very technique on my new one.
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Offline Dennis Moritz

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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #16 on: May 04, 2013, 04:01:14 AM »
igor Burger's article is a mind blower. I even understood some of it. I think...

Offline Doug Moon

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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #17 on: May 04, 2013, 08:54:33 AM »
But for sheer speed they way I finish yields a fairly light finish.

The speed factor is definitely a plus when using that product.
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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #18 on: May 04, 2013, 08:57:51 AM »
I have tried that type of primer.  I used the Sherwin Williams automotive primer filler in a spray can.  Not the cheap stuff from Autozone. 

The primers you mentioned are not what I use. Just goes to show you the most expensive is not always better. My total finish on the last plane was 10 OZ bare wood up. Let me know what your next finish weighs. The absolute lightest finish is clear dope only. However when you are trying to do it quickly that method is not practical.

I had a phone call from the best finisher BAR NONE in the country and we talked about this exact thing. (he will not post here because of this exact type of banter) Shine = weight. You cant get away from it. My next airplane will have a monokote finish on the wings. This is the nice thing about being able to build quickly I can experiment where others experiment only on paper. Trust me on this paper results don't always equate real world results.
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Offline Bill Little

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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #19 on: May 04, 2013, 01:34:07 PM »
Lightest finish I ever did used no primer. I put maybe 6 coats of unthinned clear and just kept sanding. Ended up with a very nice surface and added only a 1/2oz to the finish. And no sealer coat because no primer.

Hi Randy,

My lightest "nice" finish also consisted of using only clear dope as a "filler".  I used Randolph Nitrate which has more solids.  I also took a couple years to do the finish! LL~ LL~ This, however, DID allow the dope to really gas off and harden up.  It has been several years now and there is no grain, etc., showing at all.

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Offline Bob Hudak

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Re: Cutting wood for my next plane
« Reply #20 on: May 04, 2013, 08:57:17 PM »
Bob,
 By now you should have a good idea on how much battery in mah your I beamer is using. Everybody has probably reminded you that you want to use only 70% of the total battery capacity. This will keep you from needing to replace batteries on an irregular basis.You might be able to shave about 3 ounces of weight from the plane you have just by finding a lighter battery that will still hit the 70% mark. I don't know what battery you are using or the mah your plane needs to fly for 5 1/2 minutes. I will leave you with an example.
 I use 3000mah batteries, my 5.30 minute flight consumes at most 1900 mah. I am using about 64% of the  battery total capacity. It weighs 10 ounces. The only reason I would haul a heavier battery around in flight would be because I need it for nose weight.
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