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Author Topic: 2 blade and 3 blade prop adv & disadv  (Read 221 times)

Offline Will Moore

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2 blade and 3 blade prop adv & disadv
« on: July 17, 2025, 05:14:59 AM »
What is the current thinking on  the advantages and disadvantages of using a 2 bladed prop as compared to a 3 bladed prop ?

I am finishing up an Ares for Classic competition and wondering which one to use.
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Offline Dennis Toth

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Re: 2 blade and 3 blade prop adv & disadv
« Reply #1 on: July 17, 2025, 08:38:25 AM »
Will,
I think a lot depends on the amount of power you need to absorb. If doing electric and you have to carry a certain size pack because the next smaller one won't get you through the pattern but with a two blade you have say 25%ish excess capacity, you could try a three blade and see it you get that down to 15 - 18%. The three blades will pull more weight but they are heavier and could cause yaw issues. If the ship is light, it might not be much of an advantage. My understanding of the three blades is they are generally 1 inch less in diameter than the two bladers. Also good to get ground clearance.

Best,    DennisT
 

Offline Will Moore

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Re: 2 blade and 3 blade prop adv & disadv
« Reply #2 on: July 17, 2025, 10:06:25 AM »
Thanks, Dennis, for that info.  I would expect that 2 blades are more efficient too. that would be important in electric.\, which is what the ship is.
Hope everything is well with you !
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Offline Dan McEntee

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Re: 2 blade and 3 blade prop adv & disadv
« Reply #3 on: July 17, 2025, 02:23:13 PM »
  Best way to tell is to bolt them on and test fly them. If you are flying electric, you know what your requirements are and will find out how each affects the motor and battery performance. Just putting on what your flying buddy uses doesn't mean it will work on your airplane as well. Flying will also determine what your lap times actually are and you can adjust from there. Two blade props are more common and cheaper, if budget is a factor and it usually is. The elite 3 blade props are not very abundant, expensive and take time to acquire. Props are something you can stay up all night and drink a lot of beer discussing the pros and cons of each.
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Offline Trostle

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Re: 2 blade and 3 blade prop adv & disadv
« Reply #4 on: July 17, 2025, 05:54:39 PM »
I have no experience with electrics.  However, I firmly believe that if you have a complete array of 2-blade props and a complete array of 3-blade props that are all suitable for the aircraft you have in terms of diameters, pitches, shapes, narrow blades, wide blades and everything in-between, you will find a 3-blade prop that works better than any two blade prop.  I have no idea why, but that has been my experience.  When I say that a propeller works better, I am talking in terms of performing maneuvers, line pull, speed, feeling "comfortable", or anything else that is unquantifiable that defines how well a model performs.

Keith

Offline Igor Burger

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Re: 2 blade and 3 blade prop adv & disadv
« Reply #5 on: Yesterday at 02:18:25 AM »
There are 2 reasons for 3 blade props. The first and most important on electric model is they have uniform gyroscopic moment. Our experimets show 2 blade rigid prop (carbon or wood) can damage those subtile bearing really quick. Bearing cannot be large on electric motors, especially not that which is inside the drum. Reason is induced current from rotating magnets in outer ring, so there are typically one large bearing on open side of the motor (out of the magnetic field) and two tiny inside. Imagine those micro balls inside and all is clear. 2 blade props strongly vibrate and it kills bearing quickly. Standard IC engine constructed to withstand vibration have no big problems with it, but still, I used piped LA.46 with 12x3.5 2 blade full carbon prop and it made visible free play in shaft plain bearing after may be 100 flights.

The other reason is smaller precession. Moment of inertia is smaller especially because of mass distributed on shorter blade close to center of rotation, so precession is smaller at the same RPM.

Disadvantage is clear: little lower efficiency. There is always possible to make equivalent 3 blade prop, but result always come to smaller RE number  and therefore little lower efficiency (equivalent 2 blade prop has either wider blade, or larger diameter running at higher velocity - RE is in both cases higher). That efficiency is more visible on props smaller than 12" at less than RPM 10 000. That means 11" props need pitch maximally 5" to be in good efficiency (>10000rpm). 12" is safer. 6" pitch is good only if diameter at least 12" or more (9000rpm).

Offline Will Moore

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Re: 2 blade and 3 blade prop adv & disadv
« Reply #6 on: Yesterday at 06:50:18 AM »
Dennis - I noticed my 3 blade used more energy, motor got warmer during short trials...oversized for the motor I think

Dan, The beer sounds really good......having some and reflecting on the moments  -  good advise, thank you

Kieth, you are in alignment with Igor, for different reasons..and I suspect the same thing..

Igor...appreciate your insight.  Valuable.  Normally I would use a 10" 2 blade prop.  The 3 blade I have would work, I think,
        if I cut it down to  10".., or slightly less. Seems to have a higher pitch than my 10/6 wood prop. Would that be wise? It started 
        out as an 11" 3 blade.  would cutting down to 10" change any of it's dynamics substantially?

Appreciate all of your comments
Things take longer to happen than you think they will,

Then they happen much faster than you thought they could.
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Offline Will Moore

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Re: 2 blade and 3 blade prop adv & disadv
« Reply #7 on: Yesterday at 08:09:07 AM »
Still painting
Things take longer to happen than you think they will,

Then they happen much faster than you thought they could.
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