I have painted over aged dope with rustoleum. Wash, sand, prime, paint. Using a strong solvent will penetrate the acrylic paint and cause the dope to soften and slough the acrylic. I had this problem with using balsarite, over rustoleum, over dope. Balsarite on dope is fine; balsarite on rustoleum is fine; it is the layer cake that makes a problem. Midwest Aerogloss was the dope I used at the bottom of my unfortunate layer cake.
Using rustoleum over dope without rustoleum primer did blister. Again this was the Midwest Aerogloss, aged a few weeks. The "professional" primer sticks fine to the aerogloss, and whatever my old Super Ringmaster was painted with (I got it second+ hand), and gloss color sticks fine to the primer.
I suspect, but have not tested, that there will be a similar result with polyurethane over dope, if a strong solvent is used. My wooden field box is polyurethane spray over some unknown clear finish. The box is over 30 years old so if it is a dope finish, then, heh, "well aged" is the truth. It did have a fuel proof clear of some nature on it prior to cleaning and spraying a fresh layer of clear poly onto it. Lots of washing, and just a little sanding was involved prior to the fresh coat.
Polyurethane over modern lacquer paint, which I believe is nitrocellulose, (Valspar) seems to have held up to fuel, but I have not abused it further. It is on a (broken) 300 ft tape measure reel that I take to the field... I probably spent more time and money trying to "fix" this that I spent replacing it, even though the paint was the only not-scrap materials. (lol...) My prep was minimal between the two products. The lacquer was aged at least a week, more likely 2 or 3.
My house paint experiment was on foam board for electric RC, and involved sponge painting to keep the weight down using a wet sponge to slightly dilute the paint. This process provided adequate cosmetic finish, and was lighter than simply brushing. I have no comment on how resistant is is to fuel or solvent.
Phil