Since I have been flying there is a thing called "uniflow" tanks. Huh???
I looked around a bit on the net to find a good reference for how a uniflow works, and this is the closest I could find:
http://www.cadclassics.net/uniflow%20tank.htmlIt's hard to put into simple words what a uniflow does -- so let me start by saying what a regular tank does. You fill a regular tank, and you launch. As you maneuver, the fluid pressure on the needle valve changes because the engine changes position with respect to the tank. Also, as the fuel runs down, the fluid pressure on the needle valve changes because the position of the top of the fuel load changes with respect to the needle valve. So you have
two fuel pressure related things affecting your engine run -- the airplane attitude, and the amount of fuel in the tank. To compensate for the varying amount of fuel, you have to run a bit rich at the beginning of the flight, and lean at the end.
What's different about a uniflow tank is that it submerses its vent in the fuel. This doesn't do anything about the fuel pressure on the needle changing with maneuvers. What it
does stop is the fuel pressure changing with respect to the amount of fuel -- as long as the vent stays submerged, the tank will act as if it has just the right amount of fuel to just touch that vent. Always. So now your fuel pressure
only* depends on the airplane attitude, not on the amount of fuel. Until that vent gets uncovered, the plane acts the same from the beginning of the flight until the end. Build the tank right, or mount it right, and that vent won't get uncovered until the very end of the flight.
So with a uniflow, the flow is uniform
with respect to the amount of fuel in the tank. It means that when you dink with the needle valve, you're not trying to adjust against variations in the amount of fuel -- you're only adjusting for the variations with maneuvers, and if you're smart you can do
that adjustment to your advantage.
I hope this helps -- a proper explanation really needs about 27 eight by ten color glossy photographs, with circles and arrows and a paragraph on the back of each one, and all I'm giving you is words. But once you get your brain wrapped around the concept it really does make sense in a helpful sort of way.
* And any ram air effects on the vent tube. Thank you Mr. smarty-pants. That's a question for another day.