Joe D. Stunter designs a model airplane and sends photos, text, and sketches of his creation to Flipping Models.
Flipping Models editor adds captions to the pictures and has the plan drawn and inked by Danny Draftsman.
(This is the way it happens, right)?
So, who owns the plan?
W.
Ward, I'll take a stab at answering your question.
Joe D Stunter starts out owning the rights to the design as he concieved it. Now, since he never created what could be called plans is only a minor issue.
He sold the rights to the publisher, "Flipping models", and was paid for his work, and rights. He can, and sometimes designers do, reserve some rights, and reversion back to them, should the publisher cease to exist.
In this case, "Flipping Models" commisions, and pays Danny Draftsman to create the plans. The copyright belongs to the entity that commisioned and paid for them. Had Danny Draftsman not been paid for his work, then the copyright belongs to him.
In most cases, when you buy a set of plans from a publisher, you are actually buying a license to create models from that set of plans. It could be argued that you don't actually own the plans, just the license to use it.
Pat's question about not renewing copyrights, and public domain, is a little more difficult to answer, as there have been changes in the copyright laws where many of these pieces of "Art Work" do not have the copyright run out. Many older copyrights were grandfathered into these new regulations.
What most kit makers today do is the following.
They seek the permission of the original designer if possible, or the heirs of they can be found. If the plans were published, and the publisher is still around, they seek permission from them also.
While it is common practise for hobbiests to swap and share plans, the practise can, in fact, be in trouble with copyright issues, should the owners chose to persue the matter. Most will not persue the issue unless the hobbiest is hurting their business, selling large amounts of their plans.
In a more perfect world, I would like to see us using the plans service from the publishing houses if they are still available first. If the plans are available from a source that holds the copyrights, I feel they should be our first choice.
If the plans are not available from such sources, then you should not have any problems with copyright issues when you trade and sell individule sets of plans.
It's a whole 'nutther issue, when a new document is created from an old drawing. Under most conditions, it becomes a new document with a new copyright going to the creator of the new document. There are some specific rules for this though, and simply copying the plans into a new format like CAD, Is not enough to make a new document.