News:


  • May 23, 2024, 12:05:18 AM

Login with username, password and session length

Author Topic: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?  (Read 4430 times)

Offline Terry Caron

  • 2017
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 1107
Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« on: April 25, 2016, 11:49:40 AM »
Just wondering.
My ignition engine basically won't run rich or lean.
Either way and it dies in just a second or three and glow fuel is only nominally less sensitive than gas.
Inquiring minds want to know.  ;D

Terry
NACA member, Huntsville, AL
AMA 249824
NRA Life Member

Offline FLOYD CARTER

  • 24 supporter
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 4462
    • owner
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #1 on: April 25, 2016, 11:57:35 AM »
What engine. How does it "die"?
90 years, but still going (mostly)
AMA #796  SAM #188  LSF #020

Offline Terry Caron

  • 2017
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 1107
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #2 on: April 25, 2016, 01:03:11 PM »
Hi Floyd -

It's the Contestor .60 and it just slows down and quits if either 1/2(ish) turn rich or lean, 'though maybe more sensitive to too lean.
It also seems even more sensitive with a bit of nitro in the mix.

But I actually meant the question in a more general sense, as it's often commented that ignition engines, especially on gas, are very sensitive to needle setting while glow engines will continue to run over a fairly wide range of settings.
My bench testing leads me to think that it's not a function of variable ignition timing as, retarded or advanced, it won't abide much needle variation.
Is it maybe a matter of spark strength vs glow heat?

Terry
NACA member, Huntsville, AL
AMA 249824
NRA Life Member

Offline Dennis Toth

  • 2020 supporter
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 4240
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #3 on: April 25, 2016, 05:24:06 PM »
Terry,
A couple things, gasoline has a fairly narrow fuel/air ratio (similar to diesel) like 14/1 vs. methanol at 7/1 ish. First, don't over prop the engine, something around a 12/6 for bench test. Make sure the points are clean, oil free and the batteries are new fresh alkaline cells. Check that all the connections are tight. Last get fresh fuel and oil. One thing you could do is first run it on normal 5% glow fuel with the ignition system (many guys run this all the time). Start with the points retarded almost at top dead center. Once you get it running and a little rich start to advance the points to increase rpm. Once the rpm levels of pull it back just a tad and retune the needle. For running on gasoline (Coleman fuel works well or white gasoline) the needle would be in about half from the glow fuel setting. Start again with the points retarded and adjust as before. Gasoline will not 4-2-4 very well but it should run a little rich but will have a narrow range.

Let us know how it goes.

Best,     DennisT 

Offline Terry Caron

  • 2017
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 1107
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #4 on: April 25, 2016, 07:35:54 PM »
Thanks, Dennis, I have it running pretty well and, 'though it will run ok if only very slightly rich, on either gas or glow fuel it has a narrow range of needle adjustment, which is apparently common to ignition engines.
I'm just wondering, for my own education/entertainment, what the peculiarity is of ignition engine combustion that causes the sensitivity.

Terry
NACA member, Huntsville, AL
AMA 249824
NRA Life Member

Offline Phil Krankowski

  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • ******
  • Posts: 1031
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #5 on: April 25, 2016, 08:16:21 PM »
Here is a short list from my non-ignition experience.
Some needles are rather coarse in their adjustment.

I know compression can affect needle adjustment, but I am unsure how much it changes sensitivity. 

Adding castor is one way to reduce sensitivity to the needle.  There is less fuel because castor does not burn like fuel. 

Adding castor also effectively increases compression since there is more stuff in the cylinder, which is part of why I am unsure how compression affects needle sensitivity.

Phil

Offline Terry Caron

  • 2017
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 1107
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #6 on: April 25, 2016, 08:34:02 PM »
Ignition engine fuel is commonly 33% oil, Phil, often (as in my fuel, either gas or methanol) all castor.
And the apparent universality of needle sensitivity among ignition engines, with their various needle threads/fits, seems to indicate some factor in the ignition combustion process itself is sufficiently different from glow combustion to cause it.
Of course, that's just me trying to think through something I know essentially nothing about.  :)

Terry
NACA member, Huntsville, AL
AMA 249824
NRA Life Member

Offline Terry Caron

  • 2017
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 1107
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #7 on: April 25, 2016, 09:07:12 PM »
Well, I must report a very red face - mine!  ~^
To prevent anyone new to ignition from following my previous recommendation, I confess that, after a couple months fiddling with an ignition engine, I just discovered that proper fuel/oil ratio is said to be 3:1, not 2:1 as I stated above.
Ref: http://www.antiquemodeler.org/sam_new/p_ignition/assets/ignition_engine_fuel-21st_century.pdf
It doesn't have anything to do with my question about sensitivity but it sure answers some other questions that have popped up during my bench running.

with apologies,

Terry
« Last Edit: April 26, 2016, 10:56:53 AM by Terry Caron »
NACA member, Huntsville, AL
AMA 249824
NRA Life Member

Offline FLOYD CARTER

  • 24 supporter
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 4462
    • owner
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #8 on: April 26, 2016, 11:50:11 AM »
The decal on the Contestor tank says to use a 2:1 mix.  This is way too much oil.  I've always run mine at 3:1.

The stock needle valve is not particularly sensitive.  A weak spark will narrow the permissible range of mixture settings.

In case you haven't tried this:  remove the spark plug and hold the H.V. wire about 3/16 from the cylinder fins while spinning the prop.  The spark should be bright and should make an audible "snap".

Floyd
90 years, but still going (mostly)
AMA #796  SAM #188  LSF #020

Offline Terry Caron

  • 2017
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 1107
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #9 on: April 26, 2016, 12:31:50 PM »
Right on both accounts, Floyd.
The tank (removed early-on) was the (believed to be trustworthy) source of my choice of 2:1 mix, and it does have a bright blue spark with snap to at least 3/16".

Terry

NACA member, Huntsville, AL
AMA 249824
NRA Life Member

Offline Terry Caron

  • 2017
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 1107
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #10 on: April 26, 2016, 01:43:46 PM »
I just ran it on 3:1 and it turns the same rpm as 2:1 and, while I didn't time it accurately, it may run longer per oz.
I suppose it runs a little hotter too, but probably not so hot as a gas mix.
To my original question, from best setting 1/2 turn lean causes it to starve and die, 3/4ish turn rich causes it to die.
Maybe that's not extreme sensitivity.

Terry













NACA member, Huntsville, AL
AMA 249824
NRA Life Member

Offline FLOYD CARTER

  • 24 supporter
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 4462
    • owner
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #11 on: April 27, 2016, 12:45:30 PM »
Although I've run my present Contestor on the bench, I haven't actually flown a Contestor 60 since my first one in the late '40s.  It was in two planes, and I don't remember any needle valve problems.

There are any number of "new" needle valve replacements which will fit.  Try one of the OS units, or a Super Tigre.

Check your spark plug gap.  Try for about 0.012- 0.015"

Floyd
90 years, but still going (mostly)
AMA #796  SAM #188  LSF #020

Offline Terry Caron

  • 2017
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 1107
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #12 on: April 27, 2016, 01:03:42 PM »
Coincidentally, Floyd, just a few minutes ago I reset gap from ~.025" to .015", with no difference.
It turns the Zoar 12x6 to ~8800 rpm on either 2:1 or 3:1 meth/castor or with ~5% nitro added.
I'm ok with the stock needle; it holds setting well and power output should be sufficient for a Wildman 60.

Again, my original question is about the general observation that ignition engines are more needle sensitive than glow engines and I'm just wondering what there is about ignition vs glow that makes it so.

Terry
NACA member, Huntsville, AL
AMA 249824
NRA Life Member

Offline FLOYD CARTER

  • 24 supporter
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 4462
    • owner
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #13 on: April 27, 2016, 02:12:10 PM »


Again, my original question is about the general observation that ignition engines are more needle sensitive than glow engines and I'm just wondering what there is about ignition vs glow that makes it so.

I don't think you will find this to be universally true.  I also run Orwick 64 engines, and I can easily set the needle anyplace between a solid 4-cycle to a lean run, and it is reliable and it stays where I set it.
90 years, but still going (mostly)
AMA #796  SAM #188  LSF #020

Offline Terry Caron

  • 2017
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 1107
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #14 on: April 27, 2016, 03:12:02 PM »
I got that impression from remarks others made in an earlier post and, after re-reading, maybe they were only speaking of greater sensitivity when using gasoline as opposed to glow fuel, not of ignition engines generally.
So once again I have a misconception corrected - live and learn, right?  :)

Terry
NACA member, Huntsville, AL
AMA 249824
NRA Life Member

Offline Jim Kraft

  • 2015
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 3412
  • AMA78415
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #15 on: April 27, 2016, 04:10:19 PM »
There are some that are more sensitive than others for what ever reason. I have an old Rocket 46 that I have plugged the venture down to very small, and it will still lean out and quit when I raise the front of the test stand even when set quite rich. But my Ohlssons, Super cykes, Spitfires, and Orwicks will all have fairly broad needle settings. My Atwood Super Champion will only run well in a 2 stroke, but is still real broad on the needle setting.

The only thing I can figure is porting and the size of the venture along with compression ratio. You might want to check the size of the venture and maybe sleeve it down a little. I have to plug the venture's on my Spitfires when running fuel to be able to set the needle without it falling out. It works just fine stock on gasoline. The Orwick has the right size venture for the engine and will work well on either fuel. Most of these old engines were set up to get the most power for Free Flight planes, and need a little tinkering to make them work well in control line. I also plug the subpiston induction holes on Super Cyclones, Spitfires, and Orwicks as they run a little steadier for me. Again, your mileage may very.

Oh, one other thing. I do not know what the compression ratio is on your engine, but my Orwick is 10 to1 which is real high for a sparker. The later ones Henry lowered the compression on. I added an extra head gasket to lower it and it starts and runs much better for me with a broader needle setting, and still plenty of power to fly my 64 ounce Taurus on 67' lines. In fact, I had to go to a wood 13-6 prop to slow it down even with the timing retarded to less than half advanced. What a horse.
Jim Kraft

Offline Terry Caron

  • 2017
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 1107
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #16 on: April 27, 2016, 04:59:08 PM »
You bring up a possible consideration, Jim.
The needle on the Contestor is out 7-8 turns, which may or may not be an issue itself.
But an oddity (to me) of the Contestor is the the spraybar is made such that the hole can only positioned at 6:00 or 12:00.
Seems fuel draw must not be very good at 6:00.
Could that be why the needle needs to be out so far and would decreasing the venturi size improve fuel draw and/or overall running qualities?
Or Floyd's idea of a different NVA could be worth exploring.

Terry
NACA member, Huntsville, AL
AMA 249824
NRA Life Member

Offline Steve Helmick

  • AMA Member and supporter
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 9950
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #17 on: April 27, 2016, 05:09:49 PM »
How many turns open of the NV do you need to run your sparker? On gas/oil, it would probably give such good fuel economy that the NV would be maybe 1 turn open? On alcohol/oil...I'd think it would be close to what a glow engine would need with the same NV assy. and fuel, or a RCH less. What NV assy. are you using?

I don't know squat about the Contester .60, but memory seems like it had a shaft valve with a rear venturi and a weird duct under the case to feed fuel to the shaft?? This seems like it would cause some slow response, much like any RNV/front intake that I've run?? Got a picture?

I rather fancied a Fleetwood .60...pretty much a Schneurle port, near as I could tell. But quality was so rare in those old engines, I let it slide. Heavy darned thing, as well as bulky.   H^^ Steve
"The United States has become a place where professional athletes and entertainers are mistaken for people of importance." - Robert Heinlein

In 1944 18-20 year old's stormed beaches, and parachuted behind enemy lines to almost certain death.  In 2015 18-20 year old's need safe zones so people don't hurt their feelings.

Offline Terry Caron

  • 2017
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 1107
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #18 on: April 27, 2016, 06:14:50 PM »
As noted above, Steve, the needle (stock NVA) is out 7-8 turns on methanol/oil, maybe 1 turn less on gas/oil.
The spraybar has a curved collar (1-peice with spraybar) fitting the outside of the venturi on the inlet side that allows only a 6:00 or 12:00 placement of the single spraybar hole.
I don't know about internal design, as I haven't had it apart.
The Contestor D-60 was Danner Bunch's last engine design, built only in 1946 by Lucas & Smith (their only model engine), in California.
The R version does have a rear drum intake rotor, weight ~11.5 oz w/o tank.
There is also an S (sideport) version.

Terry

p.s. - F Anyone's I, the little brown thingy in front of the needle in pic 1 is a .1mf/250wvdc "metalized-film"capacitor from Radio Shack (pn 272-1053) that weighs nearly nothing and so far works just fine.
« Last Edit: April 27, 2016, 08:33:34 PM by Terry Caron »
NACA member, Huntsville, AL
AMA 249824
NRA Life Member

Offline Terry Caron

  • 2017
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 1107
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #19 on: April 27, 2016, 07:31:26 PM »
It may be of interest to someone that I was able to straighten the spraybar collar and rotate the spraybar hole from 6:00 to just out of sight at ~3:15, hole now forward toward cylinder.
Tomorrow I'll see if it makes any difference in needling or overall running.

Terry
NACA member, Huntsville, AL
AMA 249824
NRA Life Member

Offline Phil Krankowski

  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • ******
  • Posts: 1031
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #20 on: April 27, 2016, 07:55:18 PM »
It may be of interest to someone that I was able to straighten the spraybar collar and rotate the spraybar hole from 6:00 to just out of sight at ~3:15, hole now forward toward cylinder.
Tomorrow I'll see if it makes any difference in needling or overall running.

Terry
Wouldn't it be easier to get a spraybar that is the same diameter without the funny end?  Might have an advantage of a finer thread which will reduce sensitivity as well.

Phil

Offline Terry Caron

  • 2017
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 1107
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #21 on: April 27, 2016, 08:17:39 PM »
Not easier, Phil - it took me maybe 15 mins at no cost, so didn't have to spend $$, go anywhere or wait for delivery, etc.
Running it tomorrow will tell if it was worthwhile, but a replacement NVA is always a possibility.
I have a few NVAs I can try if this doesn't work better, 'though it's more a matter of curiosity at this point since the engine runs well enough in stock configuration.
But better wouldn't hurt.  ;D
FWIW, I didn't measure it but the spraybar hole looks rather large, maybe on account of low fuel flow in it's original location at the bottom of the spraybar.

Terry
NACA member, Huntsville, AL
AMA 249824
NRA Life Member

Offline Steve Helmick

  • AMA Member and supporter
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 9950
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #22 on: April 27, 2016, 08:57:12 PM »
Remember that Floyd is likely getting some of his (better) results from using his hotrod (i.e., "zoot") ignition module. I'd bet that yours would also run better if you were using one.

Sorry I forgot your 7-8 turns open on the NV detail so quickly! I would then wonder how snug the threads are on the stock unit. Real hard to beat Randy Aero's NV assy., IMO.  D>K Steve
"The United States has become a place where professional athletes and entertainers are mistaken for people of importance." - Robert Heinlein

In 1944 18-20 year old's stormed beaches, and parachuted behind enemy lines to almost certain death.  In 2015 18-20 year old's need safe zones so people don't hurt their feelings.

Offline Terry Caron

  • 2017
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 1107
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #23 on: April 28, 2016, 11:34:26 AM »
Well, I'm very surprised to report that there's no appreciable difference in needle setting with the spraybar hole adjustment from 6:00 to 3:15.
I was expecting a need to turn the needle in somewhat due to lower pressure/less turbulence/better fuel draw at the new position.
Spraybar is .130", venturi is .365" - does that sound about right for a .60?
Terry
NACA member, Huntsville, AL
AMA 249824
NRA Life Member

Offline Jim Kraft

  • 2015
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 3412
  • AMA78415
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #24 on: April 30, 2016, 06:32:54 PM »
,365 is way big for most 60 sparkers running in control line. I believe the stock venture on the Spitfires is like .312, and I put an 1/8" square piece of bass wood wedged between the spray bar and the venture to block it off some with fuel, and it still works great on gasoline that way also. They just do not have enough suction to run with a broad enough needle with the large ventures. They work OK stock on Free Flight's. I just checked the venture on my Orwick and it is .270". It does not have the stock spray bar which is probably smaller than my Tigre unit that is in it. Try plugging off part of the venture with a stick and see if it does not do better without cutting the RPM to much. Works for me.
Jim Kraft

Offline Terry Caron

  • 2017
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 1107
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #25 on: April 30, 2016, 06:38:30 PM »
Thanks very much, Jim - I'll give that a try then.

Terry
NACA member, Huntsville, AL
AMA 249824
NRA Life Member

Offline FLOYD CARTER

  • 24 supporter
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 4462
    • owner
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #26 on: May 06, 2016, 09:55:17 AM »
This Contestor 60 is new, so I have only run it at slow speed, and a rich setting for a couple minutes.  Stock needle assembly that seems to respond normally.  It will run at a very wet 4-cycle, or will lean out at a reliable 2-cycle.

I use a 3/1 mix of Coleman lantern fuel and 70 wt motor oil.  This prop happens to be a 12-6 wood, but that is only for bench running.  Depending on flight tests, a lesser pitch might work better.  This engine should easily lug a higher pitch prop without strain.

Floyd
90 years, but still going (mostly)
AMA #796  SAM #188  LSF #020

Offline FLOYD CARTER

  • 24 supporter
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 4462
    • owner
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #27 on: May 07, 2016, 01:59:32 PM »
FYI:  Eric Rule (RSM Distribution) is now shipping WILDMAN 60 kits.  I have two, and the kit looks pretty good. All the hard work is already done (laser-cut parts)

Floyd
90 years, but still going (mostly)
AMA #796  SAM #188  LSF #020

Offline Terry Caron

  • 2017
  • Trade Count: (0)
  • Admiral
  • *
  • Posts: 1107
Re: Why is ignition needling so sensitive?
« Reply #28 on: May 07, 2016, 02:15:27 PM »
Yes, thanks, Floyd.
Mike received his a couple weeks ago, should start building soon.
We'll see how the Contestor handles it before too long.  :)

Terry
NACA member, Huntsville, AL
AMA 249824
NRA Life Member


Advertise Here
Tags:
 


Advertise Here