It's finally back together, thanks to the tips here, the circlips from Bob Z., and some patience.
Two things were wrong:
1. The wrist pin was stuck on the rod. The crock pot / antifreeze method worked.
2. The rod was bent.
The bent rod symptom was that the cleaned, assembled engine was tighter from BDC on the way to TDC on one side vs. the other. Assembled, the prop would return when bounced against compression in one direction, but not the other. On the side that was binding, the rod would not move back and forth with the backplate removed. On the other side, the rod would move.
Testing the rod by installing a 5/32 drill bit in the rod's small end with the big end installed on the loose, uninstalled crankshaft showed the bend, which was easy to remove by bending the rod.
Though the piston/sleeve feels a little tight near TDC, even when loose and uninstalled, I'm confident enough in this engine to try running it when the weather breaks.
Thanks again for the help and parts,
Peter