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Author Topic: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions  (Read 9677 times)

Offline Flying Knight

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Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« on: September 17, 2016, 08:10:04 AM »
I am returning to C/L after many years of absence.   I enjoy building and have built and flown an electric Profile Pathfinder from a Brodak kit.   I'm on my second Pathfinder now and want to correct some issues I found on my first one.  One thing I don't like is the thin 1/2" profile fuselage.  Not only does it look terrible in my opinion, but the rear of the plane and stabilizer have too much play.   I would like to use a composite 1" thick fuselage and am looking for suggestions.  My models are electric, so I would like to hide the battery and ESC if possible.  Thanks!

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #1 on: September 17, 2016, 09:08:09 AM »
Removable cheek cowls on both sides should take care of the battery and electronic bits. 

I would look at the construction of Tom Hampshire's Kingfisher, as it features a 3/4" thick foam core composite profile fuselage.  I emailed you a PDF of the Stunt News article.

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Offline Flying Knight

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #2 on: September 17, 2016, 09:14:41 AM »
Thanks.   I'm thinking about using 3/4" balsa and sheeting the sides with 1/8" giving me 1" overall.  I'll cut holes in the rear of the fuselage to lighten it up.  What kind of internal bracing will I need to make a strong but light structure?  Graphite tubes?

Offline Flying Knight

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #3 on: September 17, 2016, 10:55:39 AM »
Never thought about using hardwood for the covering. Sounds strong.  At this time I'm a sport flyer, so legal thickness is not an issue.  My first electric powered profile Pathfinder was tail heavy even with a 4S battery.  It took about 1 1/2 oz. of nose weight to balance her out.  I'm more into hiding the electric components than anything else.  All those wires and circuit boards seem pretty ugly to me.   However, no smoke, no stink and no slime...

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #4 on: September 17, 2016, 11:47:34 AM »
Hey Ty, I thought most of the P-40 contest rules had the fuselage rule at 3/4" max section thickness aft of the high point or flap hinge.

I wouldn't do a drilled out 3/4" slab with 1/8" sides, as the weight and cost would be prohibitive.  

A built-up warren truss arrangement is good for a building exercise.  The profile Mo-Best article is a good reference.

Hard to argue with the foam-core method, as it is inexpensive and lightweight.  Plenty of glue contact area supporting the sheet sides.
1/16" sides, 5/8" foam, 1/8" cross grain top and bottom caps.    You could also add a layer of .75oz fiberglass for added stiffness.

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Offline Flying Knight

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #5 on: September 17, 2016, 02:40:44 PM »
"Profile Mo-Best article"  Found it.  Just what I was looking for.  Thanks!!

Offline Mike Haverly

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #6 on: September 17, 2016, 08:51:09 PM »
This is basically a highly modified Pathfinder re-design by Norm Whittle.  The fuselage is 5/8 thick from the TE back.  Notice I have all of the electronics hidden in the nose and accessed by a hatch.  If I was doing it again I would put the battery on the inboard side and the access hatch on the outboard side. 

What you don't see is the Ice Lite50 ESC, the Hubin FM9 timer and the disconnect plug.  It's all in there.
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Offline Flying Knight

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #7 on: September 18, 2016, 04:20:30 AM »
Very nice.  I like profile C/L models, but all the electric components hanging on the side bugs me.  I have already built the nose similar to this.  My battery is on the inboard side and the ESC is outboard.  Love the wheel pants.  Unfortunately our field is grass.  This is a good thing as I haven't flown C/L in 40 years.  So far only one plowing session...    :)

Offline RknRusty

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #8 on: September 18, 2016, 09:53:07 AM »
All of the above probably does the trick for you, but I have an idea I haven't seen posted.
You could rip a balsa fuselage from nose to tail and cut a 1/8 or 3/16 inch thick strip of spruce and laminate it lengthwise between the top and bottom halves. That would surely stop side to side flexing of the tail, and probably reduce any twisting in the stab area too. This works particularly well on 1/2A fuselages, but I don't see why it wouldn't help with a bigger plane too. Maybe even a strip of hardwood, but I've never used that.
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Offline Tim Wescott

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #9 on: September 18, 2016, 01:29:43 PM »
Just some thoughts:

  • The first big advantage to profiles are that they're easy to build and repair.
  • If you compete, the second big advantage to profiles is that you can enter them in profile events.
  • The two big disadvantages to profiles are that they're floppy in the back and can get heavy. (Full-fuse models can get heavy, too, but part of that is trying for a really impressive finish.

Having laid that out, let's think a bit:

  • Tom Neighbur's "Hobo" design is as easy to build as a profile, but has a full fuselage.  His design technique could easily be extended to other, similar planes.
  • You can build hollow-core profile fuselages, but then you have something that's as hard to build as a "Hobo" fuse, and as hard or harder to repair (Mike Haverly gave me a really nice Twister that was hollow-core with 1/32" ply sheeting.  It was rigid and not too heavy, and when I crashed it out of stupidity I ended up throwing it away because I couldn't figure out how to rebuild it without adding weight, adding ugliness, or taking longer than building a new plane)

So, maybe you really want to build a full fuselage plane, and just be casual about the finish?

Currently, I'm building profiles for my wife to learn to fly.  I'm using fairly light (8-pound) balsa for the fuselages.  This would be way too floppy for a normal plane, but I'm covering them with 1/4 ounce glass cloth.  The glass cloth stiffens them nicely without adding a lot of weight, and while I haven't had a rear-fuselage break with one yet, I anticipate that I'll be able to repair it fairly easily.  They're still a bit floppy -- but she's still learning.
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Offline john e. holliday

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #10 on: September 18, 2016, 06:13:38 PM »
What rally stiffens up a fuselage is laminating them.  Mikey Pratt put me onto that with the Primary Force.   1/4 inch sheets laminated with Gorilla glue.  I think he used 1/4 inch sheets as they are easier on the laser cutter(my thoughts).   The Gorilla glue expands so it takes lots of clamps .  It also will find all the little worm holes in the balsa, but is easy to sand,  for me any way.   Now the idea of the hardwood spline running from the nose to the tails works on our racing air planes when caught right for pitting.  People keep forgetting that silk span and dope does wonders also,  I use poly span.  In my shop I have planes like the Primary Force I just described,  truss construction per Don Hutcheson and foam construction per Phil Cartier.   Just put the rear end back on the Ringmaster twin using dowel rods drilled into the fuse with CA.
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Offline Paul Smith

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #11 on: September 19, 2016, 09:43:06 AM »
Profile construction is a simple way to build a "small" model, maybe up to 40 size.  Beyond that, the box becomes better or maybe even necessary.

Is a hollow truss structure covered by hardwood really still a profile, even if it looks flat?   

If I ever build an over-40 stunter, I'll just use a box fuselage and leave to profile event to beginners.
Paul Smith

Offline Bill Johnson

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #12 on: October 26, 2016, 02:23:42 PM »
I was thinking about routing a channel down the fuselage and gluing in a CF tube to stiffen it. They're so light, you can probably install 2, maybe 1/2" from the top and bottom of the fuselage.
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Offline Mark Scarborough

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #13 on: October 26, 2016, 02:41:43 PM »
I was thinking about routing a channel down the fuselage and gluing in a CF tube to stiffen it. They're so light, you can probably install 2, maybe 1/2" from the top and bottom of the fuselage.
Placing the comparable amount of carbon fiber on the outside of the fuse would do far more good to stiffness. The farther away from the center of the structure that the material is placed, the more affect it will have on stiffness..
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Offline Tim Wescott

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #14 on: October 26, 2016, 03:05:01 PM »
Placing the comparable amount of carbon fiber on the outside of the fuse would do far more good to stiffness. The farther away from the center of the structure that the material is placed, the more affect it will have on stiffness..

+1.  The only reason not to do so is because you think the other way is way easier (and I'm not saying it is).
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Online Howard Rush

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #15 on: October 26, 2016, 04:12:51 PM »
The farther away from the center of the structure that the material is placed, the more affect it will have on stiffness..

Yup.  Hence a profile would have to be really heavy to be as stiff as a full fuselage.  Why does it need to be so stiff?  Some flexible profiles fly OK.  I have one that's just great.  

If flexibility is a problem, a way around it is to reduce aerodynamic moments (torques) on the fuselage and leave the structure wimpy.   There are three moments to consider: rolling, pitching, and yawing.  Pitching moment--bending the fuselage up and down--shouldn't be a problem.  A profile should be as stiff in this axis as a full fuselage, maybe even stiffer*.  Rolling moment is maybe the most significant.  I would make the side of the horizontal tail on the inside of the circle bigger than the outside side, because the pressure on the outside part is higher.  Just how much bigger I (or you) would have to cipher.  Then I'd check to see if it's balanced by taping a camera on the airplane.  I hadn't considered yawing moment until I saw a video taken by a camera looking aft on Mark Scarborough's profile Impact.  The tail deflected to the side quite a bit depending on whether the airplane was on the upwind or downwind side of the circle. A way around this would be to put wee carbon tubes running from the wing to the stab tip on each side.

*Hedging on the original post: No, it wouldn't.  I was only considering the fuselage sides.  A profile would still be pretty dad gum stiff in this axis.
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Offline Mark Scarborough

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #16 on: October 26, 2016, 04:22:44 PM »
 I hadn't considered yawing moment until I saw a video taken by a camera looking aft on Mark Scarborough's profile Impact.  The tail deflected to the side quite a bit depending on whether the airplane was on the upwind or downwind side of the circle. A way around this would be to put wee carbon tubes running from the wing to the stab tip on each side.

DANG, I did not think of that, If I did that then Helmick would quit busting my chops about the flap root fairings on my profile being not legal for a profile,,


of course,, it only matters when I fly profile again,, right now I have my hands full trying to fly competative in expert,,

ok well, WHEN I get a replacement airframe built that is
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Offline Steve Helmick

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #17 on: November 01, 2016, 05:13:35 PM »
DANG, I did not think of that, If I did that then Helmick would quit busting my chops about the flap root fairings on my profile being not legal for a profile,,


of course,, it only matters when I fly profile again,, right now I have my hands full trying to fly competative in expert,,

ok well, WHEN I get a replacement airframe built that is

So, your "flap root fairings" were added for a) Looks  b) Aerodynamics or c) Structural reinforcements to stop fuselage flex?  Clearly, NOT a) or b). Ended!

Profiles are by definition limiting. While others think Profiles suck, I think we should view them as a challenge to design and build a structure that fits the rules AND is stiff and light. I believe Larry Cunningham had a brilliant idea of curving the 1/64 plywood skins on his later Mo'Best variant, but I don't know if any were built that way, what the process was, or how well it worked out. I wish I could show the ciphering.  H^^ Steve

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Offline Tim Wescott

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #18 on: November 01, 2016, 05:24:24 PM »
While others think Profiles suck, I think we should view them as a challenge to design and build a structure that fits the rules AND is stiff and light.

Hear hear!  Or, just build the damn thing, have fun, and laugh at the guys that spend more effort on a profile than they do on their full-fuselage stunter.
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Offline Mark Scarborough

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #19 on: November 01, 2016, 06:30:32 PM »
So, your "flap root fairings" were added for a) Looks  b) Aerodynamics or c) Structural reinforcements to stop fuselage flex?  Clearly, NOT a) or b). Ended!

Profiles are by definition limiting. While others think Profiles suck, I think we should view them as a challenge to design and build a structure that fits the rules AND is stiff and light. I believe Larry Cunningham had a brilliant idea of curving the 1/64 plywood skins on his later Mo'Best variant, but I don't know if any were built that way, what the process was, or how well it worked out. I wish I could show the ciphering.  H^^ Steve


hey Steve,,
its legal until someone protests it,, and wins the challenge,, that is someone who is flying profile,, so if you really are so against it, start flying in profile,, so whenever I bring it out to fly you can protest it. until then, it is legal,,,
I dont have any guilt  about it, I don't think its cheating, I think its legal, though perhaps on the edge

I must confess, my sense of humor about this is somewhat at its limit. Its Profile for gods sake,,
of course,, the fact that I am not currently flying profile kind of makes it hard for you to have your way.......

when I flew it no one else had a problem with it,,
bottom line, the fuse is less than 3/4" wide.... period
The area that is really more in question is profile electrics and how they dont meet the rule of lug to plug exposed motors,, are you going to go there too?
Besides that, whens the last time you saw me take a profile trophy home,, so does it really matter,,
enjoy it my friend,, build a profile and have fun ,,,

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Offline Mark Scarborough

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #20 on: November 01, 2016, 09:21:27 PM »
Steve
I reread what I wrote, and while I stand by my position, I do want to make it clear it was not intended to be as advesarial as it MAY come across,, so, lets keep freindly,, but leave the damn profile Impact ish thing on the ceiling where it belongs,, collecting dust ,, its a bad idea because its to big to really work as a profile without help, but I wont trash the thing,, so you will likely see it again some day,,
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Offline Tim Wescott

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #21 on: November 02, 2016, 12:28:59 AM »
The area that is really more in question is profile electrics and how they dont meet the rule of lug to plug exposed motors,, are you going to go there too?

Someone needs to put JT up to clarifying the rules, there.  The spirit of the event (as I read it) is to keep everything easily accessible, and I'd want to see any electric motor mounting rule keep to that spirit, but I can't think of an equivalent to the "lug to plug" rule offhand.

Well, maybe "mounted such that the motor won't fly off of your plane and into a fellow competitor's wing", but Bruce Hunt doesn't frequent this forum so I probably shouldn't bring it up.
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Offline dennis lipsett

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #22 on: November 02, 2016, 07:58:09 AM »
Has anyone considered building a profile fuselage with the body made from diagonal fixed wood. In other words with pieces cut at a 45 degree angle and put down right to left on one piece and left to right on the other. I did a profile using two 1/4 inch sides built that way and then covered with 1/2 oz F/G cloth with water based urethane as the adhesive. I could use it as a club if I needed to and it was light and had no twist at all.
More work but it does solve the problem.
I also built 3/ 60 sized profiles from Pat King designs and used the material supplied and then diagonally skinned to outside to make it 3/4 inch wide. These also will not twist under any load. These models were 2 at 900 square inches and one at 853 inch wing area. Surprisingly they are not hard pulling models in spite of their size.
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Offline Mark Scarborough

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #23 on: November 02, 2016, 08:23:42 AM »
Someone needs to put JT up to clarifying the rules, there.  The spirit of the event (as I read it) is to keep everything easily accessible, and I'd want to see any electric motor mounting rule keep to that spirit, but I can't think of an equivalent to the "lug to plug" rule offhand.

Well, maybe "mounted such that the motor won't fly off of your plane and into a fellow competitor's wing", but Bruce Hunt doesn't frequent this forum so I probably shouldn't bring it up.
I really think its a mountain our of a mole hill thing.
There really hasnt been much to worry about, some discussion about Randy and his ringmaster delux could be had, my electrajet could be borderline, my impact profile could be borderline, I mean its PROFILE, lets keep it with the intent, SIMPLE and not create more rules to find loopholes in...

I really dont think there is a problem, even with my flap fairings/ Strakes, its still nothing like flying my built up planes. its a PROFILE it wont perform with a built up,, and I think thats really why its starting to bother me, Mine is not the only profile that could be regulated, but whats the point...
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Offline Russell Shaffer

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #24 on: November 02, 2016, 09:05:02 AM »
A simple way to stiffen a profile is just to laminate two 1/4 sheets.  Glue them together, clamp them really good to something straight and let it dry.  Elmers white glue works just fine if you leave the boards till they are fully dry.  I don't think the strength is any better ( maybe a little) but it is way stiffer than the equivalent weight of 1/2 balsa. If you used two 3/8 pieces you could probably make a sword. It's quick and easy and if I can do it???
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Offline Randy Cuberly

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #25 on: November 06, 2016, 07:33:00 PM »
Has anyone considered building a profile fuselage with the body made from diagonal fixed wood. In other words with pieces cut at a 45 degree angle and put down right to left on one piece and left to right on the other. I did a profile using two 1/4 inch sides built that way and then covered with 1/2 oz F/G cloth with water based urethane as the adhesive. I could use it as a club if I needed to and it was light and had no twist at all.
More work but it does solve the problem.
I also built 3/ 60 sized profiles from Pat King designs and used the material supplied and then diagonally skinned to outside to make it 3/4 inch wide. These also will not twist under any load. These models were 2 at 900 square inches and one at 853 inch wing area. Surprisingly they are not hard pulling models in spite of their size.
Dennis

Dennis,
As a matter of fact "Back in the Day" (late 1950's to early 1960's) several of us in the Kansas City area flew Profile types for Combat and constructed the fuselages exactly as you suggested.  It does make them pretty stiff but obviously not lighter.  For the most part these airplanes were smallish light things with molded sheeting leading edges and flaps on the wing.  One of the best and most popular was something called a "Guided Muscle" (Yes that's "Muscle"), popularized by a fellow named Joe Ellsworth and Me!  Also several modified Flite Streaks were built that way.  The extra stiffness in the fuselage was instantly noticeable when it was flown.  The little airplane was competitive with most of the abbreviated "Wing" type airplanes like the "Quicker". Whatizit etc.  Also a number of I=Beam wing profiles were built with this type of construction and flew very well but exploded into a million pieces during a midair!  y1

At any rate the type of fuselage construction you suggested does successfully stiffen the fuselage and makes a better flying airplane but would get pretty heavy when scaled up for a large stunter.

My thought is that Larry's MoBest profile construction is just about Ideal for a profile stunt plane!  Excellent balance of stiffness and light weight.

Randy Cuberly
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Offline Russell

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #26 on: November 07, 2016, 02:53:28 AM »
Cross laminate the 1/2" fuselage with 1/32" or 1/16" balsa on both sides. Very light and rigid.

Offline RknRusty

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #27 on: September 27, 2017, 11:43:16 PM »
I know this is an old thread, but since I just this week did it to my Cardinal fuselage, I may as well show it.

I mentioned spruce early in the thread but I found some 1/16" x 7/16" CF flatbar and cut a slot for it, installed with epoxy. I won't waggle at all laterally. As for torsional twisting, I'll decide that when I get to it. Maybe I'll use 64th" sheeting, or more likely KISS and dope & tissue on the sides. As well as not being able to bend it sideways, the torsional twist seems stiffer than I had expected. It cost me 1/2 ounce.





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Offline TDM

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Re: Profile Fuselage Reinforcing Questions
« Reply #28 on: October 02, 2017, 09:42:28 AM »
The material you want to use for that is called Carboweave CW60. It has 3 uni-directional layers 0, +45, -45 degrees. The +-45 take care of torsion while the 0 take care of bending stress. You probably want to sharpen and blend the top and bottom of the balsa plank before that to get better results. 
The way to use that is to put the stuff on parchment paper (3M77 sprayed super light 2-3 feet above the material and let it rain down on the material) then use a roller to apply laminating epoxy on the carbon. After that with paper towels remove excess epoxy and place on top of the fuselage. If you have a vacuum bag use it if not use some thick soft foam on the two sides of the fuse with two thick plated and use that as a press.
Make sure you do everything in your power to take ALL the dust out of the wood or else it will delaminte due to poor bonding.
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